LITERATURE REVIEW

Our review of the literature on informal learning environments began with a broad literature search using key terms including informal learning, science, environmental education, museum learning, and outdoor education. The search initially focused on empirical studies of K-12 students’ learning in informal settings. Further papers were drawn from the literature cited in those articles already reviewed. Discussions between the researchers also highlighted additional topics to examine. The review evolved from a focus on museum and science centre science learning to an examination of environmental and place-based education and outdoor learning opportunities.